Radio
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Radio is the wireless transmission of signals, by modulation of
electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of light.
Wireless is an old-fashioned term for a radio receiver, referring to
its use as a wireless telegraph; now the term is used to describe
modern wireless connections such as in cellular networks and
wireless broadband Internet.
Radio waves
Radio waves are a form of electromagnetic radiation, created
whenever a charged object (in normal radio transmission, an
electron) accelerates with a frequency that lies in the radio
frequency (RF) portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. In radio,
this acceleration is caused by an alternating current in an antenna.
Radio frequencies occupy the range from a few tens of hertz to a few
hundred gigahertz. |
ELF - SLF - ULF/VF - VLF - LF/LW - MW - HF/SW - VHF - UHF - SHF -
EHF
Electromagnetic radio spectrum
Other types of electromagnetic radiation, with frequencies above the
RF range are infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma
rays. Since the energy of an individual photon of radio frequency is
too low to remove an electron from an atom, radio waves are
classified as non-ionizing radiation.
Electromagnetic spectrum and diagram of radio transmission of an
audio signal.
Electromagnetic radiation travels (propagates) by means of
oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and the
vacuum of space equally well, and does not require a medium of
transport (such as the aether). When radio waves pass an electrical
conductor, the oscillating electric or magnetic field (depending on
the shape of the conductor) induces an alternating current and
voltage in the conductor. This can be transformed into audio or
other signals that carry information. Although the word 'radio' is
used to describe this phenomenon, the transmissions which we know as
television, radio, radar, and cell phone are all classed as radio
frequency emissions. |
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